A deep-red fluorophore based on naphthothiadiazole as emitter with hybridized local and charge transfer and ambipolar transporting properties for electroluminescent devices

• Suangsiri Arunlimsawat,
• Patteera Funchien,
• Pongsakorn Chasing,
• Atthapon Saenubol,
• Taweesak Sudyoadsuk and
• Vinich Promarak

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1664–1676, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.122

• coordinates of (0.664, 0.335)), an EQEmax of 3.32% and exciton utilization efficiency (EUE) of 47%. Keywords: ambipolar material; deep red fluorophore; hybridized local and charge transfer; naphthothiadiazole; OLED; organic light-emitting diode; Introduction Recently, organic fluorophores with efficient

• explained as the Poole–Frenkel effect obeying the relationship, log µ ∝ E1/2 [59]. The measured mobilities of the holes (μh) and electrons (μe) of TPECNz thin film at 950 (V cm−1)1/2 electric field were 4.42 × 10−6 and 1.50 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. This result suggested that TPECNz was an ambipolar

• material with the mobility of electrons somewhat greater than that of holes. The pronounced ability of TPECNz to transport electrons could be accredited to a strong-electron affinity of the Nz core, while its ability to transport holes could be derived from the attached carbazole moieties. To evaluate the